IJ uses wet hydrogen for braze control, decarburization, tool surface preparation, etc.

Vacuum brazing
While certain metals/alloys can be brazed in either H2 or vacuum atmospheres, some have to be brazed in vacuum only. Ti and its alloys are of this type.

Induction brazing
While furnace brazing requires heating the entire part, induction brazing allows for a localized heat exposure. Induction brazing sometimes offers maximum production throughput. Induction brazing however can be as slow as the furnace brazing because of some additional process steps to be included.

Bonding similar or dissimilar materials together with no intermediate layers
In a silica system, such as in a glass, the glass structure, has an intrinsic structural network of bridge bonding of ÐSi-O-Si-O-. On each surface of the glass sheet, such bonding is broken off as -Si-O creating -Si-OH due to the moisture in environment. This OH bonds can loose the H in vacuum where H is removed. Then the non-bridged Si-O chain can be re-bridged with another O- resulting a bond. In this process, the two sheets must be perfectly flat and have to have no gap for an intimate contact without contamination. The phenomenon is bonding the two sheets together with no intermediate layer.

IJ has developed similar types of bonding of various materials. Past bonding examples include glass/metal, ceramic/metal and metal/metal. Many of them were of butt seal and OD/ID seal type.

There are a few advantages of this diffusion bonding process. Our success in this type of bonding has lead one customer to save of lot time and money in their FDA approved product. If IJ had introduced an intermediate layer, it could have been another lengthy FDA approval.